PRECAUTION FOR SAFE WORKING AT COLD/HOT ENVIRONMENT

1. Ventilation :            Provision of  good workplace ventilation
2. Insulate :                Insulate all heat sources specially hot pipes
3. Cool Refugees:      Provide cool refuges at workplaces
4. Drinking Water :   Provide cool and fresh drinking water at workplace
5. Job Break:            Provide breaks and job rotation to the worker
6. Clothing :             Provide appropriate clothing for working at hot environment
7. Training :             Give training to all worker who is working at hot environment 

Precaution for Cold Environment :

• Lag :                                                Shield/Lag all cold surfaces
• Warm Refuges :                              Provide warm refugees
• HOT FOOD AND DRINKS :        Provide hot foos and drinks at worksite
• Job breaks :                                    Job break should be provided
• House Keeping:                             Floor Surface should be clean remove ice from floor
• Training :                                      Give information,instruction and training related to cold                                                               environment
• PPE:                                              Provide PPE such as jackets,trouser,boots etc

ILL HEALTH EFFECT AT EXTREME TEMPERATURE

ILL HEALTH EFFECT WHILE WORKING IN HOT ENVIRONMENT:

1. Dehydration            ( water lost through sweating )
2. Muscle Cramps       ( salt loss through sweating )
3. Heat Stress              ( cause fainting,lethargy,headaches)
4. Heat Exhaustion 
5. Heat Stroke             ( cause hallucinations, coma and death )

Extreme temperature may also cause some other ill health effect such as 

• Skin Burns
• Cancer from exposure to sunlight
• contact with hot surfaces

Ill Health effect while working in Cold Environment :

1. Freeze burn injuries  ( contact with cold surfaces )
2. Frost Bite                  ( tissue frozen cause tissue damage, necrosis,gangrene, amputation)
3. Slip Hazards             ( floors is slippery with ice )
4. Hypothermia            ( cause shivering,mood swing,irrational behaviour,lethargy,drowsiness                                         and death )

WORKPLACE LIGHTING

Factor to consider when providing workplace lighting :

• Minimum light levels must be achieved
• Natural light should be considered
• Spot light should be provided above the machinery on critical areas
• Lighting must be suitable, avoide reflection and glare
• Lighting must be suitable for the environment, avoid the creation of shadows
• Emergency lighting must be provided for safety purposes

BASIC WELFARE AND WORK FACILITIES

WELFARE REQUIREMENT : ORGANIZATION ARE RESPONISIBLE TO PROVIDE MINIMUM WELFARE FACILITES SUCH AS

Drinking Water : Provision of clean and fresh drinking water

Washing Facilities: Provide suitable washing facilities

Changing Room : Provide suitable changing room so that worker change there dresses at workplace

Toilet : Provide suffient number of toilets, separate toilets for male and female

Rest Place : Provide rest room where worker take a break when at job

Eating Facilities : Eating facilites should be provided where worker eat at work site,eating place is clean and hygenic

WORK REQUIREMENT :

Seating : Provide five star seating and have proper back rest and foot rest

Space : Provide proper space so that worker perform there job easily and safely

Ventilation : Provide fresh and purified air at workplace

Temperature : Temperature should be maintain at workplace

Lighting : Adequate lighting should be provider at workplace,natural light must be considered

Noise : Control excessive noise at work place,worker must use hearing protection during the job